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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.96.2006.tde-04012007-174701
Document
Author
Full name
Thiago Pamplona Guimarães
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Belluzzo Junior, Walter (President)
Alves, Denisard Cneio de Oliveira
Oliveira, Roberto Guena de
Title in Portuguese
Estimação de economias de escala no consumo familiar para o caso brasileiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Consumo familiar
Curvas de Engel
Economias de escala
Modelo de Barten
Abstract in Portuguese
Para comparar padrões de vida de famílias com diferentes características demográficas são construídos índices relativos denominados escalas de equivalência. Um dos principais componentes dessas medidas são as economias de escala, que levam em consideração o decréscimo do custo per capita quando um membro adicional é incluído em sua composição. Dentre os modelos que procuram medir economias de escala, o modelo de Barten, proposto por Deaton e Paxson (1998), parece ser o mais apropriado do ponto de vista teórico e prediz que a participação dos alimentos no gasto total da família, adotado como indicador de bem-estar, aumenta conforme o tamanho da família aumenta, mantendo constante o gasto total per capita. As evidências empíricas para o Brasil, no entanto, apontam para uma diminuição da participação dos alimentos no gasto total da família conforme o tamanho da família aumenta (confirmando a situação conhecida por Paradoxo de Deaton e Paxson). O modelo de Barten é validado somente quando é alterada a composição dos gastos na construção da participação relativa dos alimentos e considerando, ao invés do gasto total, o gasto com alimentos e um bem mais público. O paradoxo, porém, permanece. Evidências empíricas quanto a economias de escala na preparação de refeições dentro do domicílio ajudam a entender melhor o paradoxo.
Title in English
Estimation of economies of scale on the household consumption for the brazilian case
Keywords in English
Barten model
Economies of scale
Engel Curves
Household consumption
Abstract in English
In order to compare the standard of living of families with different demographic caracteristics it is necessary to construct an index called equivalence scales. One of the main parts of such index refer to the effect of economies of scale, which reflect the decrease in the per capta cost when an additional member is introduced. Among the models used to measure economies of scale, Deaton and Paxson's (1998) Barten Model seems to be the most appropriate from a theoretical point of view. According to this model, the share of food in total expenditure, used as an indicator of welfare, increases as the size of the family goes up but the total expenditure per capta is held fixed. However, empirical evidence for Brazil indicate a decrease in the food share as the family size increases, reinforcing the so called Deaton and Paxson Paradox. The Barten Model seems to be valid only when the food share is taken relative to the total expenditure with food and another good closer to a pure public good. Nonetheless the paradox remains. Finally, the results obtained indicate that the economies of scale in food preparation at home may be important to shed some light on the paradox.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-01-23
 
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