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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.100.2023.tde-19072023-181926
Document
Author
Full name
Mylena Uhlig Siqueira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Baruque-Ramos, Júlia (President)
Borelli, Camilla
Martins, Cristiane Reis
Savastano Junior, Holmer
Title in English
Brazilian Agro-Industrial Wastes for Potential Textile Materials: characterization and analysis of coconut ( Cocos nucifera) fiber
Keywords in English
Cocos nucifera
Agro-industrial wastes
Biomaterials Design
Green coconut fiber
Sustainability
Textile industry
Abstract in English
The Brazilian agro-industrial chain generates around 291 million/tons/year of waste. The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) plays an important economic and social role in the agroindustry of Brazil, being the 5th largest producer of the fruit in the world. The activity generates a large amount of residual bark, while its inadequate final destination causes contamination and socio-environmental risks. The need for the use of alternative raw materials to replace those originating from fossil resources in Brazilian industry is growing. The subject has gained importance in light of recent applications of bio-based agrofiber, such as coir fiber. The present study aims to investigate Brazilian agro-industrial residues as potential textile raw materials and carry out the extraction process and physical-chemical characterization of green coconut fiber (Cocos nucifera). The methodology was performed through Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and bibliometric data analysis; and textile characterization of green coconut fiber (length; count number; tensile characterization - strength and elongation at break, tenacity and Young's modulus; regain; transverse and longitudinal optical microscopy; SEM; density; lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose content; TGA; FTIR and XRD). The agricultural biomass of the main crops is suitable for application in textiles, such as natural fibers and polymers; bio sorbents for industrial effluents; material for obtaining and reinforcing cellulose in composites. Studies with coconut fiber apply to bio sorbent for textile effluents; craftsmanship; green composites and copolymers. The values found for in natura green coconut fibers were: length: 11.7 ± 1.5 cm; regain: 10.1%; Crystallinity index: 47.1%; tenacity: 14.4 ± 3.4 cN/tex; elongation: 45.6 ± 12.6%; YM: 0.865±0.308 N/tex; 56.0% cellulose and 37.0% lignin. For green retted coconut fibers: length: 12.3 ± 1.6 cm; regain: 11.0%; Crystallinity index: 47.5%; tenacity: 14.2 ± 3.9 cN/tex; elongation: 52.8 ± 11.7%; YM: 0.721 ± 0.280 N/tex.; 57.0% cellulose and 36.5% lignin. This study intended to expand possible sustainable alternatives to conventional textile raw materials.
Title in Portuguese
Resíduos Agroindustriais Brasileiros para Potenciais Materiais Têxteis: caracterização e análise da fibra de coco (Cocos nucifera)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cocos nucifera
Design biomateriais
Fibra do coco verde
Indústria Têxtil
Resíduos Agro-industriais
Sustentabilidade
Abstract in Portuguese
A cadeia agroindustrial brasileira gera cerca de 291 milhões/tons/ano de resíduos. O coqueiro (Cocos nucifera) tem importante papel econômico e social na agroindústria do Brasil, sendo o 5º maior produtor da fruta do mundo. A atividade gera grande quantidade de cascas residuais, enquanto sua destinação final inadequada causa contaminação e riscos socioambientais. É crescente a necessidade do uso de matérias-primas alternativas em substituição às originadas de recursos fósseis na indústria brasileira. O assunto adquiriu importância à luz das recentes aplicações de agrofibra de base biológica, como a fibra de coco. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os resíduos agroindustriais brasileiros como potenciais matérias-primas têxteis e realizar o processo de extração e caracterização físico-química da fibra de coco verde (Cocos nucifera). A metodologia foi realizada através de Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL) e análise bibliométrica dos dados; e caracterização têxtil da fibra de coco verde (comprimento; título; caracterização tênsil - resistência e alongamento na ruptura, tenacidade e módulo de Young; regain; microscopia óptica transversal e longitudinal; MEV; densidade, conteúdo de lignina, celulose e hemicelulose; TGA; FTIR e DRX). A biomassa agrícola das principais culturas apresenta adequabilidade para aplicação em têxteis, como fibras naturais e polímeros; biossorventes para efluentes industriais; material de obtenção e reforço de celulose em compósitos. Estudos com a fibra de coco aplicamse a biossorvente para efluentes têxteis; artesanato; compósitos e copolímeros verdes. Os valores encontrados das fibras de coco verde in natura foram: comp.: 11,7±1,5cm; regain: 10,1%; dens: 1.00 (g/cm3) cristalinidade: 47,1%; ten.: 14,4 ± 3,4 cN/tex; along.: 45,6 ± 12,6 %; MY 0,865 ± 0,308 N/tex; 56,0% de celulose e 37,0% de lignina. Para fibras de coco verde maceradas: comp.: 12,3 ±1,6 cm; regain: 11,0%; dens: 1.10 (g/cm3); cristalinidade: 47,5%; ten: 14,2 ± 3,9 cN/tex; alongamento: 52,8 ±11,7%; MY: 0,721± 0,280 N/tex.; 57,0% de celulose e 36,5% de lignina. Com esse estudo pretendeu-se ampliar possíveis alternativas sustentáveis às matérias-primas têxteis convencionais.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-06-12
 
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