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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-154715
Document
Author
Full name
Maristela Parra Miranda-Vilela
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2004
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Influência da temperatura na determinação do sexo e do crescimento de jacarés-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris)
Keywords in Portuguese
CRESCIMENTO ANIMAL
DETERMINAÇÃO DO SEXO
INCUBAÇÃO DE OVOS
JACARÉ-DE-PAPO-AMARELO
TEMPERATURA
Abstract in Portuguese
Os objetivos do presente estudo foram o de descrever o padrão de determinação sexual pela temperatura de incubação dos ovos em jacarés-de-papo-amarelo (Caiman latirostris) e avaliar a influência da temperatura de incubação e da temperatura ambiente no crescimento de filhotes em cativeiro. Dois experimentos foram realizados entre dezembro de 2000 e outubro de 2002 para este fim. No experimento 1, ovos provenientes da colônia em cativeiro da ESALQ/USP foram artificialmente incubados sob diferentes temperaturas (28, 30, 32 e 34°C, precisão de ± 0,5°C). O experimento 2 teve duas fases. Na primeira, filhotes produzidos no experimento 1 foram mantidos em caixas aquecidas, à temperatura constante (32°C, precisão de ± 1°C). Na segunda, filhotes produzidos à temperatura de incubação com maior taxa de eclosão (estimada a partir dos resultados do experimento 1 em 31,8°C com precisão de ± 0,5°C) foram mantidos em caixas aquecidas sob diferentes temperaturas ambientes (28, 30, 32 e 34°C com precisão de ± 1°C). Os resultados do Experimento 1 foram os seguintes: a) Apenas fêmeas foram produzidas a 34°C; predominantemente machos foram produzidos a 30°C; e machos e fêmeas foram produzidos entre 30 e 32°C; b) O padrão de determinação sexual pela temperatura de incubação encontrado para a espécie em nossas condições foi o de Fêmea-Macho (FM), diferente do padrão usual Fêmea-Macho-Fêmea (FMF), descrito para outros crocodilianos, inclusive o próprio jacaré-de-papo-amarelo na Argentina; c) A mortalidade de embriões foi total a 28°C; e, d) a temperatura de incubação com a máxima taxa de eclosão foi estimada em 31,8°C, com igual produção esperada de machos e fêmeas. Os resultados do Experimento 2 foram os seguintes: a) A temperatura de incubação não influenciou a taxa de crescimento e o ganho de peso mas afetou a morfometria craniana de filhotes; b) Houve um significativo efeito de ninhada no padrão de crescimento dos filhotes; c) A temperatura ambiente afetou significativamente a taxa de crescimento e o ganho de peso dos filhotes; e, d) o máximo crescimento e ganho de peso ocorreram a 34°C.
Title in English
Influence of temperature on sex determination and growth of broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)
Abstract in English
The goals of the present study were to asses the temperature sex determination partem for broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) and to evaluate the influence of both incubation and ambient temperature on the growth of hatchlings in captivity. Two experiments were carried out between December 2000 and October 2002. ln Experiment 1 eggs from the captive colony of ESALQ/USP were artificially incubated under different temperatures (28, 30, 32 and 34°C; precision: ± 0.5°C). Experiment 2 had two phases. On the first phase hatchlings produced at Experiment 1 were raised in environmental chambers with constant ambient temperature of 32°C(precision: ± 1°C). On the second phase hatchlings produced at the incubation temperature with highest eclosion rate (estimated based on the results of Experiment 1 as 31.8°C, precision ± 0.5°C) were raised in environmental chambers at different ambient temperatures (28, 30, 32 and 34°C; precision: ± 1°C). The results of Experiment 1 can be stated as follows: a) Only females were produced at 34°C; predominantly males were produced at 30°C, and males and females were produced between 30 and 32°C; b) Temperature-sex determination partem for the species in our conditions was Female-Male (FM) differing from the usual Female-Male-Female (FMF) pattern described for other crocodilians including the broad-snouted caiman in Argentina; c) Mortality of embryos was complete at 28°C; and, d) The temperature of incubation with maximum hatching success was estimated in 31.8°C with equal estimated proportions of males and females. The results of Experiment 2 can be stated as follows: a) Temperature of incubation did not influence growth rate and weight gain but affected cranial morphometrics on hatchlings; b) There was a significant clutch effect on the growth pattern of the hatchlings; e) Ambient temperature significantly affected growth rate and weight gain in hatchlings; and, d) Maximum growth rate and weight gain were obtained at 34°C.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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