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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2023.tde-28082023-155849
Document
Author
Full name
Victor Lyra Guimarães Luz
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Mosquera, Roberto Quiroga (President)
Barreto, Paulo Ayres
Daniel Neto, Carlos Augusto
Utumi, Ana Claudia Akie
Title in Portuguese
Ajuste a valor justo no Direito Tributário : natureza jurídica e impactos fiscais
Keywords in Portuguese
Contabilidade IFRS
Imposto de renda
Lei n. 12.973/14
Relação entre Contabilidade e Tributação
Valor Justo
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação teve por objetivo analisar a natureza jurídica do ajuste a valor justo no Direito Tributário, bem como os correspondentes impactos tributários, para fins do imposto de renda pessoa jurídica. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em quatro capítulos, com objetos distintos e, ao mesmo tempo, interligados. No Capítulo 1, foram firmadas as premissas teóricas relevantes ao trabalho, momento no qual foram apresentados o conceito de renda tributável, os pressupostos relevantes da tributação da renda, especialmente os princípios da realização da renda e da renda líquida. Ao final, forma estabelecidas as premissas teóricas relativas à tributação do IRPJ, bem como o diálogo desta com a contabilidade nos padrões IFRS, especialmente após a edição da Lei n. 12.973/14. No Capítulo 2, foi o momento de definir a natureza jurídica do ajuste a valor justo. Para tanto, em se tratando de um instituto societário / contábil, foram apresentadas questões gerais e específicas sobre a avaliação a valor justo, tais como seus objetivos, técnicas e premissas, bem como eventuais conflitos entre as normas contábeis, estabelecidas pelo CPC, e a Lei n. 6.404/76, notadamente quanto às contrapartidas em conta de AAP. No Capítulo 3, foi o momento de iniciar a análise das disposições legislativas sobre o AVJ. Primeiramente, analisou-se os pontos relativos à sistemática de tributação do lucro presumido e, em seguida, do lucro real, quando foram analisadas as regras gerais de tributação do AVJ previstas na Lei n. 12.973/14 e algumas questões sensíveis, como as subcontas e os eventos de realização previstos na lei. A partir disso, foram analisados casos hipotéticos que permitiram visualizar tudo o que foi apresentado anteriormente, bem como os impactos do art. 58 da Lei n. 12.973/14 à tributação do AVJ. Por fim, no Capítulo 4, analisou- se situações específicas que foram diretamente tratadas pela Lei n. 12.973/14 ou, ainda, que foram por ela afetadas, notadamente (i) o AVJ em reorganizações societárias; (ii) o AVJ em operações de permuta; (iii) o AVJ Reflexo; (iv) o AVJ relativo a instrumentos financeiros; e (v) o AVJ relativo ao custo atribuído (deemed cost).
Title in English
Fair value adjustment in tax law : legal nature and tax impacts
Keywords in English
Fair value
IFRS accounting standards
Income tax
Law No. 12,973/14
Relationship between Accounting and Taxation
Abstract in English
The academic work presented aimed to analyze the legal nature of the fair value adjustment in tax law, as well as the corresponding income tax impacts. In order to do so, this work was divided into four chapters, with different objects and, at the same time, interrelated. In Chapter 1, the relevant assumptions were established, as the concept of taxable income, the assumptions of the income tax taxation, especially the realization and net income principles, were presented. In the end, the assumptions related to IRPJ were presented, as well as its dialogue with accounting IFRS standards, especially after the enactment of Law No. 12,973/14. In Chapter 2, the legal nature of the fair value adjustment was defined. Therefore, as it is a corporate/accounting institute, general and specific questions about the valuation at fair value were addressed, such as its objectives, techniques and assumptions, as well as the conflicts between accounting rules, defined by CPC, and the Law No. 6,404/76, notably regarding the accounting offset in AAP account. In Chapter 3, it was analyzed the legislative provisions regarding fair value adjustment. First, it was analyzed the points related to the presumed profit taxation regime and, then, the actual profit regime, by when the general fair value adjustment control rules prescribed in Law No. 12,973/14, including some sensitive issues, such as sub- accounts and realization events provided for by law, were presented. From this, hypothetical cases were analyzed that allowed to visualize what was presented before, as well as the effects of article 58 of Law No. 12,973/14 regarding fair value adjustment. Finally, in Chapter 4, specific situations that were directly addressed by Law n. 12,973/14 or, even, that were affected by it, were analyzed, which were: (i) the impacts of fair value adjustment in corporate reorganizations (M&A); (ii) fair value adjustment in barter transactions; (iii) fair value related to assets of invested entity; (iv) fair value adjustment relating to financial instruments; and (v) fair value adjustment regarding to the deemed cost.
 
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2024-07-01
 
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