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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.43.2024.tde-04062024-094033
Document
Author
Full name
Augusto Cesar de Camargo Bandeira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Cristiano Luis Pinto de (President)
Kellermann, Guinther
Martins, Tereza da Silva
Title in Portuguese
Alterações estruturais em fibras capilares humanas induzidas por tratamentos cosméticos
Keywords in Portuguese
Alisamento químico
Cabelo humano
Estrutura
SAXS
Abstract in Portuguese
O uso de tratamentos cosméticos para transformação da cor, forma e textura dos cabelos têm sido utilizados cada vez mais por consumidores no mundo todo. No Brasil, alguns procedimentos necessitam de altas temperaturas associadas com alguns ativos de transformação química, que altera estruturas especificas da fibra capilar. Neste trabalho tivemos um enfoque na avaliação das alterações e transformações causadas por um tipo de alisamento ácido pouco explorado na literatura, porém muito comercializado e utilizado pelos consumidores. Para isso, foram investigados os efeitos da descoloração de fibras capilares bem como a associação desta com procedimentos de alisamento ácido. Mediante a combinação de diversas abordagens experimentais como Espalhamentos de Raios X a [(Ultra Baixos Ângulos (USAXS)), (Baixos Ângulo (SAXS)) e (Altos Ângulo (WAXS))], Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), Microscopia Ótica (MO) e Microscopia eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) diversos resultados experimentais foram obtidos e correlacionados. Adicionalmente, mechas foram também submetidas a experimentos in situ associando espalhamento de raios X a processos de aquecimento controlado. Estes experimentos tiveram como objetivo investigar em tempo real as mudanças nas estruturas cristalinas das fibras capilares induzidas pela mudança de temperatura. Os resultados de espalhamento de raios X e DSC evidenciaram que o alisamento ácido promoveu alterações no córtex das fibras capilares, como a desnaturação das cadeias de alfa-queratina, aumento da porosidade interna e mudança conformacional no complexo de membrana celular. As imagens de microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura mostraram alterações importantes na superfície da fibra, como o desprendimento das cutículas. Os resultados das medidas in situ mostraram que acima de aproximadamente 250oC, a parte interna das fibras derrete enquanto a cutícula permanece ainda intacta, ou seja, o córtex é mais susceptível a temperatura do que a cutícula. Sendo assim, esta associação de técnicas permitiu investigar e caracterizar de madeira inédita na literatura as mudanças físico-químicas, estruturais, morfológicas e termodinâmicas que ocorrem nas fibras por meio do processo de aquecimento associado às transformações químicas da fibra capilar.
Title in English
Structural changes on human hair fibers induced by cosmetic treatments.
Keywords in English
Chemical straightening
Human hair
SAXS
Structure
Abstract in English
The use of cosmetics treatments to transform the color, shape and texture of hair has been increasingly used by consumers around the world. In Brazil, some procedures require elevated temperatures associated with chemical transformation active ingredients, which may alter specific structures of the hair fiber. In this work we focused on the evaluation of changes and transformations caused by a type of acid straightening that has been rarely explored in the literature but is widely used by consumers worldwide. To this end, the effects of discoloration of hair fibers were investigated, as well as its association with acid straightening procedures. Through the combination of several experimental approaches such as X-ray Scattering at [(Ultra-Small Angles Scattering (USAXS)), (Small-Angle Scattering (SAXS)) and (Wide-Angle Scattering (WAXS))], Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Optical Microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) several experimental results were obtained and correlated. Additionally, strands were also subjected to in situ experiments associating X-ray scattering with controlled heating processes. These experiments aimed to investigate in real time the changes in the crystalline structures of hair fibers induced by temperature variations. The results of X-ray scattering, and DSC showed that acid straightening promoted changes in the cortex of hair fibers, such as denaturation of alpha-keratin chains, increased internal porosity and conformational change in the cell membrane complex. Optical and scanning electron microscopy images showed significant changes on the fiber surface, such as the detachment of the cuticles. The results of in situ measurements showed that above approximately 250°C, the inner part of the fibers melts while the cuticle stays intact, showing that the cortex is more susceptible to temperature than the cuticle. Therefore, the proposed association of techniques allowed the investigation and characterization of the physical-chemical, structural, morphological, and thermodynamic changes that occur in the fibers through the heating process associated with the chemical transformations of the hair fiber, providing unprecedented results in the literature.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-06-27
 
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